Comparative

Where the Churches differ, and why

Two tracks for readers coming from elsewhere. Each begins with what is genuinely held in common, states the Orthodox position from cited texts, and marks clearly where this site cannot yet speak for the other side.

These pages are written for someone who wants to understand a disagreement rather than win it. They will not tell you that the other Church is obviously wrong, and they will not tell you what it believes without quoting it.

For readers coming from the Catholic Church

The two Churches share the first millennium, seven councils, the same sacraments, the same Creed apart from four words, and a great deal else. This track sets out where the real disagreements lie, using the texts both Churches inherit, and says plainly where this site cannot yet state the Catholic side in Catholic words.

3 topics

For readers coming from a Protestant church

The differences here are structural rather than item-by-item: they follow from a different account of where the Church is and how Scripture is read within it. This track works from the earliest sources and is careful not to treat 'Protestant' as one thing, because it is not.

3 topics

How to read these pages

Every topic page has the same shape: what is shared, then the Orthodox position with its citations, then where the difference actually lies, then a marked gap for the other Church's own words, then misreadings — including misreadings common among Orthodox.

The misreadings sections are not padding. Most arguments between Christians are conducted against positions nobody holds, and naming those first saves everyone time.